Luteolin is a flavonoid present in several fruits, vegetables, and herbs. It is a yellow crystalline chemical in its pure form. It was used as a source of yellow dye way back in the first millennia.

Luteolin protects plants from microbial infections and other threats from the environment. It also has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to these properties, it prevents oxidative cellular damage, strengthens the immune system, reduces inflammation, and helps fight cancer.

Rutin is a plant pigment that is found in certain fruits and vegetables. Buckwheat, Japanese pagoda tree, and Eucalyptus are sources of rutin. Rutin is also found in lime tree flowers, elder flowers, hawthorn, rue, St. John's Wort, Ginkgo, apples, and other fruits and vegetables. 

Rutin might have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It might also offer some protection against cancer and other diseases. Rutin is commonly used for autism, aging skin, airway infections caused by exercise, and many other purposes.